This book begins with the fundamental concepts of algorithms

—tracing their history, evolution, and significance—before exploring core paradigms such as brute force, divide and conquer, greedy methods, dynamic programming, and backtracking. From there, the reader is guided into advanced strategies including two-pointers, sliding windows, heuristics, metaheuristics, and disjoint set algorithms.

What makes this textbook unique is its first application philosophy. Each algorithmic concept is accompanied by:

• Real-world project examples
• Architecture diagrams
• Code illustrations (primarily in Python)
• Visual aids and summary tables for revision

The content aligns with the practical skills expected in modern computing roles—from academic projects to technical interviews at top-tier companies. This book is not meant to be read in isolation but as part of a journey into computational thinking—to learn, build, test, and innovate. I invite students, educators, and enthusiasts to immerse themselves in this journey and apply these techniques to shape the future of intelligent systems.